Bloodstream infection by multidrug-resistant Streptococcus oralis in a leukemic patient with febrile neutropenia after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

Transpl Infect Dis. 2020 Apr;22(2):e13246. doi: 10.1111/tid.13246. Epub 2020 Jan 20.

Abstract

We reported the case of a patient with leukemia who developed febrile neutropenia after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Blood culture results revealed the presence of Streptococcus oralis, while antimicrobial susceptibility testing showed the resistance to penicillin and cephem. Furthermore, isolates were not susceptible to either meropenem or daptomycin but not to vancomycin. S oralis is known to belong to Streptococcus mitis group and be a causative agent of bacteremia in the neutropenic patients, but multidrug resistance of S oralis is rare. Our findings suggest that we might pay attention to the emergence of the microorganisms acquiring multidrug resistance in neutropenic patients.

Keywords: Streptococcus oralis; bloodstream infection; febrile neutropenia; multidrug resistance; teicoplanin.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / therapeutic use*
  • Bacteremia / diagnosis*
  • Bacteremia / drug therapy
  • Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial*
  • Febrile Neutropenia / complications*
  • Febrile Neutropenia / microbiology
  • Female
  • Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation / adverse effects*
  • Humans
  • Leukemia / therapy
  • Microbial Sensitivity Tests
  • Streptococcal Infections / diagnosis*
  • Streptococcal Infections / drug therapy
  • Streptococcus oralis / drug effects
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents