Systemic inflammatory response markers are associated with poor survival in many types of malignances. This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of preoperative neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), lymphocyte-monocyte ratio (LMR), and C-reactive protein (CRP) in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).We retrospectively evaluated 254 NSCLC patients who underwent radical surgery between January 2012 and April 2014 in the Sichuan Provincial Cancer Hospital. The cut-off values of NLR, PLR, LMR, and CRP were determined according to the receiver operating characteristic curve, and the correlation of NLR, PLR, LMR, and CRP with prognosis was analyzed based on the cut-off value.The cut-off value for NLR, PLR, LMR, and CRP were 3.18, 122, 4.04, and 8.8, respectively. Univariate analysis showed that age (P = .022), tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stage (P < .001), T stage (P = .001), and N stage (P < .001) were significantly correlated with disease-free survival (DFS), while age (P = .011), TNM stage (P < .001), T stage (P = .008), N stage (P < .001), and PLR (P = .001) were significantly correlated with overall survival (OS). In multivariate analysis, age (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.564, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.087-2.252, P = .016) and TNM stage (HR: 1.704, 95% CI: 1.061-2.735, P = .027) remained independent risk factors affecting DFS, while age (HR: 1.721, 95% CI: 1.153-2.567, P = .008), TNM stage (HR: 2.198, 95% CI: 1.263-3.824, P = .005), and PLR (HR: 1.850, 95% CI: 1.246-2.746, P = .002) were independent risk factors affecting OS.The preoperative PLR is superior to NLR, LMR, and CRP as a biomarker for evaluating the prognosis of patients undergoing curative surgery for NSCLC.