Nonmedical Factors and Health-Related Quality of Life in CKD in India

Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2020 Feb 7;15(2):191-199. doi: 10.2215/CJN.06510619. Epub 2020 Jan 30.

Abstract

Background and objectives: Patient-reported outcomes have gained prominence in the management of chronic noncommunicable diseases. Measurement of health-related quality of life is being increasingly incorporated into medical decision making and health care delivery processes.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements: The Indian Chronic Kidney Disease Study is a prospective cohort of participants with mild to moderate CKD. Baseline health-related quality of life scores, determined by the standardized Kidney Disease Quality of Life 36 item instrument, are presented for the inception cohort (n=2919). Scores are presented on five subscales: mental component summary, physical component summary, burden, effect of kidney disease, and symptom and problems; each is scored 0-100. The associations of socioeconomic and clinical parameters with the five subscale scores and lower quality of life (defined as subscale score <1 SD of the sample mean) were examined. The main socioeconomic factors studied were sex, education, occupation, and income. The key medical factors studied were age, eGFR, diabetes, hypertension, and albuminuria.

Results: The mean (SD) subscale scores were physical component summary score, 43±9; mental component summary score, 48±10; burden, 61±33; effects, 87±13; and symptoms, 90±20. Among the socioeconomic variables, women, lower education, and lower income were negatively associated with reduced scores across all subscales. For instance, the respective β-coefficients (SD) for association with the physical component summary subscale were -2.6 (-3.4 to -1.8), -1.5 (-2.2 to -0.7), and -1.6 (-2.7 to -0.5). Medical factors had inconsistent or no association with subscale scores. The quality of life scores also displayed regional variations.

Conclusions: In this first of its kind analysis from India, predominantly socioeconomic factors were associated with quality of life scores in patients with CKD.

Keywords: India; KDQOL; albuminuria; chronic kidney disease; chronic renal insufficiency; clinical decision making; diabetes mellitus; factor V, prospective studies; female; glomerular filtration rate; humans; hypertension; noncommunicable diseases; occupations; patient reported outcome measures; quality of life; socioeconomic factors.

Publication types

  • Multicenter Study
  • Observational Study
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Cost of Illness
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Female
  • Functional Status
  • Humans
  • India / epidemiology
  • Male
  • Mental Health
  • Middle Aged
  • Predictive Value of Tests
  • Prospective Studies
  • Quality of Life*
  • Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / diagnosis*
  • Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / epidemiology
  • Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / physiopathology
  • Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / psychology
  • Severity of Illness Index
  • Social Determinants of Health*
  • Socioeconomic Factors*
  • Surveys and Questionnaires*
  • Young Adult