Licensed Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) formulations differ markedly in bacterial viability, RNA content and innate immune activation

Affiliations

• ¹ Division of Newborn Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Precision Vaccines Program, Division of Infectious Diseases, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA. Electronic address: [email protected].
• ² Precision Vaccines Program, Division of Infectious Diseases, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome 00185, Italy. Electronic address: [email protected].
• ³ Precision Vaccines Program, Division of Infectious Diseases, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA. Electronic address: [email protected].
• ⁴ OPEN, Odense Patient Data Explorative Network, Odense University Hospital/Institute of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense C, Denmark. Electronic address: [email protected].
• ⁵ Department of Pediatrics, Royal Children's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Victoria 3052 Australia. Electronic address: [email protected].
• ⁶ Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands; Department for Genomics & Immunoregulation, Life and Medical Sciences Institute (LIMES), University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany. Electronic address: [email protected].
• ⁷ Precision Vaccines Program, Division of Infectious Diseases, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
• ⁸ Precision Vaccines Program, Division of Infectious Diseases, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA. Electronic address: [email protected].
• ⁹ Precision Vaccines Program, Division of Infectious Diseases, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA. Electronic address: [email protected].
• ¹⁰ Precision Vaccines Program, Division of Infectious Diseases, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA. Electronic address: [email protected].
• ¹¹ Precision Vaccines Program, Division of Infectious Diseases, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA. Electronic address: [email protected].
• ¹² Vaccine Centre, Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, UK; Vaccines & Immunity Theme, Medical Research Council Unit The Gambia at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Fajara, PO Box 273, Banjul, Gambia. Electronic address: [email protected].
• ¹³ Precision Vaccines Program, Division of Infectious Diseases, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA. Electronic address: [email protected].
• ¹⁴ Precision Vaccines Program, Division of Infectious Diseases, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Broad Institute of MIT & Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA. Electronic address: [email protected].