Neuroimaging evaluation and successful treatment by using directional deep brain stimulation and levodopa in a patient with GNAO1-associated movement disorder: A case report

Affiliations

• ¹ Department of Neurology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan; Aging Biology in Health and Disease, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan.
• ² Department of Neurology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan.
• ³ Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan.
• ⁴ Department of Neurology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan; Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan.
• ⁵ Department of Research and Therapeutics for Movement Disorders, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan; Department of Neurosurgery, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan.
• ⁶ Department of Neurology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan; Department of Neurodegenerative and Demented Disorders, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan.
• ⁷ Department of Radiology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan.
• ⁸ Division of Medical Genetics, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo 155-8535, Japan.
• ⁹ Division of Neurology, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo 155-8535, Japan.
• ¹⁰ Department of Neurology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan. Electronic address: [email protected].