Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of lung cancer screening in urban areas of Henan province by low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) from 2013 to 2017. Methods: A cluster sampling method was used to select the residents of 40-74 years old in Henan province to investigate the risk factors and conduct lung cancer risk assessment. Subjects with high risk of lung cancer received LDCT for screening. Results: A total of 179 002 residents completed the lung cancer risk assessment, and 35 672 subjects were identified as high risk of lung cancer, with a high risk rate of 19.93%. A total of 13 383 subjects with high risk received LDCT, and the screening rate was 37.52%. There were 786 cases diagnosed as positive nodules, and the detection rate was 5.87%. Among them, 755 cases of solid/partial solid nodule were ≥5 mm, 23 cases of non-solid nodules were ≥8 mm, 8 cases were intratracheal nodules, and 115 cases were diagnosed as suspicious lung cancer. The detection rate in males was 6.74%, which was higher than 5.02% in females. The detection rate was positively related with age (P<0.05). Conclusions: The application of LDCT is a useful screening method which can elevate the early detection rate of positive nodules and other related diseases in lungs. In the future, males and older populations should be paid more attention to improve screening efficacy.
目的： 评价2013—2017年河南省城市居民低剂量螺旋CT(LDCT)肺癌筛查的效果。 方法： 采取整群抽样的方法，选取河南省40～74岁城市户籍居民进行癌症危险因素调查和肺癌风险评估，并对评估出的肺癌高危人群进行LDCT检查。 结果： 共完成危险因素调查表179 002份，评估出肺癌高危人群35 672人(高危率为19.93%)，参加LDCT检查13 383人(筛查率为37.52%)。检出阳性结节786人(检出率为5.87%)，≥5 mm实性或部分实性结节755人，≥8 mm非实性结节23人，气管腔内结节8人，阳性结节经影像科医师诊断为疑似肺癌115人。男性阳性结节检出率(6.74%)高于女性(5.02%)，年龄越大检出率越高(P<0.05)。 结论： LDCT作为肺癌筛查的手段有助于早期发现肺内阳性结节和相关疾病，应重点关注男性人群和老年人群，提高筛查效益。.
Keywords: High risk population; Low-dose computed tomography; Lung neoplasms; Screening.