A 5-year Single-Center Experience of Hepatitis E Virus Infection During Pregnancy

Rahul Karna; Rajib K Hazam; Jayanta Borkakoti; Ashok Kumar; Premashis Kar

doi:10.1016/j.jceh.2019.09.003

A 5-year Single-Center Experience of Hepatitis E Virus Infection During Pregnancy

J Clin Exp Hepatol. 2020 Mar-Apr;10(2):135-138. doi: 10.1016/j.jceh.2019.09.003. Epub 2019 Oct 3.

Authors

Rahul Karna¹, Rajib K Hazam¹, Jayanta Borkakoti¹, Ashok Kumar², Premashis Kar¹

Affiliations

¹ Department of Medicine, Maulana Azad Medical College, University of Delhi, New Delhi.
² Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Maulana Azad Medical College, University of Delhi, New Delhi.

Abstract

Objective: The study was designed to examine the hypothesis whether the course and severity of hepatitis E virus (HEV)-related liver disease is worse during pregnancy.

Method: The prospective study included 1088 patients (550 pregnant; 538 nonpregnant) with clinically and biochemically confirmed acute viral hepatitis (AVH) or acute liver failure (ALF) and were subjected to a complete panel of hepatitis serology.

Results: In the pregnant cohort, HEV was the cause of infection in 80.36% (442/550) of cases, whereas non-HEV accounted for 19.63 (108/550) of cases. In the ALF pregnant group, the prevalence of HEV was observed in 73.38% (102/139) of cases, whereas other viruses accounted for 26.61% (37/139) of illness. Ninety-eight of 129 (75.96%) cases of HEV-infected pregnant women died, whereas non-HEV infection was responsible for only 31 of 129 (24.04%) cases' death in comparison. Serum viral load in the ALF group was also significantly higher than that in the AVH group in the pregnant (24578.6 ± 12410.3 vs. 6821.9 ± 1832.7, respectively) cohort and nonpregnant cohort (583.6 ± 187.34 vs. 298.68 ± 65.77, respectively).

Conclusion: HEV infection has a higher incidence, more severe course, and greater mortality in the pregnant cohort than in the nonpregnant cohort.

Keywords: ALF, Acute Liver Failure; AVH, Acute Viral Hepatitis; FHF, Fulminant Hepatic Failure; HEV, Hepatitis E Virus; PCR, Polymerase Chain Reaction; RNA, Ribonucleic Acid; acute liver failure; acute viral hepatitis; hepatitis E virus; pregnancy.