Increased SIX-1 expression promotes breast cancer metastasis by regulating lncATB-miR-200s-ZEB1 axis

J Cell Mol Med. 2020 May;24(9):5290-5303. doi: 10.1111/jcmm.15185. Epub 2020 Mar 30.

Abstract

Patients with advanced breast cancer (BC) showed a higher incidence of regional and distant metastases. Sine oculis homeobox homolog 1 (SIX-1) has been confirmed to be a key tumorigenic and metastatic regulator in BC progression. Yet, molecular mechanisms behind SIX-1-induced BC metastases remain largely unknown. Here we found that SIX-1 was frequently up-regulated in BC and correlated with poor outcomes when tested in human BC tissue microarray. Then, we manipulated the expression of SIX-1 by via shRNA-mediated knockdown and lentivirus-mediated overexpression. Transwell assay in vitro and lung metastases model of nude mice in vivo showed that SIX-1 promoted BC cell invasion and migration in vitro, and facilitated metastases in vivo. Mechanistically, SIX-1 could promote the transcription of lncATB, which exerts critical pro-metastatic role in BC by directly binding to the miR-200 family, especially for miR-200c, to induce EMT and promote metastases. In conclusion, SIX-1 exerts its pro-metastatic role in BC through lncATB/miR-200s axis of EMT signalling pathway and could act as an important diagnostic marker as well as a significant therapeutic target for clinically advanced BC.

Keywords: BC; EMT; SIX-1; lncATB; miR-200s.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Base Sequence
  • Breast Neoplasms / genetics*
  • Breast Neoplasms / pathology*
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Cell Movement / genetics
  • Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition / genetics
  • Female
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic*
  • Homeodomain Proteins / genetics*
  • Homeodomain Proteins / metabolism
  • Humans
  • Mice, Nude
  • MicroRNAs / genetics
  • MicroRNAs / metabolism*
  • Middle Aged
  • Models, Biological
  • Neoplasm Invasiveness
  • Neoplasm Metastasis
  • RNA, Long Noncoding / genetics
  • RNA, Long Noncoding / metabolism*
  • Signal Transduction*
  • Transforming Growth Factor beta / metabolism
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Zinc Finger E-box-Binding Homeobox 1 / genetics
  • Zinc Finger E-box-Binding Homeobox 1 / metabolism*

Substances

  • Homeodomain Proteins
  • MIRN200 microRNA, human
  • MicroRNAs
  • RNA, Long Noncoding
  • SIX1 protein, human
  • Transforming Growth Factor beta
  • ZEB1 protein, human
  • Zinc Finger E-box-Binding Homeobox 1
  • long non-coding RNA ATB, human