Limiting oxidative DNA damage reduces microbe-induced colitis-associated colorectal cancer

Nat Commun. 2020 Apr 14;11(1):1802. doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-15549-6.

Abstract

Inflammatory bowel disease patients have a greatly increased risk of developing colitis-associated colon cancer (CAC); however, the basis for inflammation-induced genetic damage requisite for neoplasia is unclear. Using three models of CAC, we find that sustained inflammation triggers 8-oxoguanine DNA lesions. Strikingly, antioxidants or iNOS inhibitors reduce 8-oxoguanine and polyps in CAC models. Because the mismatch repair (MMR) system repairs 8-oxoguanine and is frequently defective in colorectal cancer (CRC), we test whether 8-oxoguanine mediates oncogenesis in a Lynch syndrome (MMR-deficient) model. We show that microbiota generates an accumulation of 8-oxoguanine lesions in MMR-deficient colons. Accordingly, we find that 8-oxoguanine is elevated in neoplastic tissue of Lynch syndrome patients compared to matched untransformed tissue or non-Lynch syndrome neoplastic tissue. While antioxidants reduce 8-oxoguanine, they do not reduce CRC in Lynch syndrome models. Hence, microbe-induced oxidative/nitrosative DNA damage play causative roles in inflammatory CRC models, but not in Lynch syndrome models.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adenomatous Polyposis Coli / complications
  • Adenomatous Polyposis Coli / pathology
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Animals
  • Antioxidants / pharmacology
  • Carcinogenesis / drug effects
  • Carcinogenesis / pathology
  • Colitis / chemically induced
  • Colitis / complications*
  • Colitis / microbiology
  • Colitis / pathology*
  • Colon / drug effects
  • Colon / pathology
  • Colorectal Neoplasms / complications*
  • Colorectal Neoplasms / microbiology
  • Colorectal Neoplasms / pathology*
  • Colorectal Neoplasms, Hereditary Nonpolyposis / genetics
  • DNA Damage*
  • DNA Repair / drug effects
  • Dextran Sulfate
  • Disease Models, Animal
  • Dysbiosis / complications
  • Dysbiosis / pathology
  • Escherichia coli / metabolism
  • Female
  • Guanosine / analogs & derivatives
  • Guanosine / metabolism
  • Helicobacter Infections / complications
  • Helicobacter pylori / drug effects
  • Helicobacter pylori / physiology*
  • Humans
  • Inflammation / complications
  • Inflammation / pathology
  • Interleukin-10 / deficiency
  • Interleukin-10 / metabolism
  • Male
  • Mice, Inbred C57BL
  • Middle Aged
  • Mutation / genetics
  • Oxidative Stress* / drug effects

Substances

  • Antioxidants
  • Guanosine
  • Interleukin-10
  • 8-hydroxyguanosine
  • Dextran Sulfate