Bone Mineral Densitometry Reporting: Pearls and Pitfalls

Can Assoc Radiol J. 2021 Aug;72(3):490-504. doi: 10.1177/0846537120919627. Epub 2020 Apr 20.

Abstract

Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is the method of choice for assessing bone mineral density (BMD). Unfortunately, the performance and interpretation of DXA can be challenging and errors are common. In fact, it has been reported that up to 90% of BMD reports contain at least 1 error. Errors can be the result of technique or interpretative in nature or both and can result in inappropriate diagnosis and management. In this article, we review the various types of pitfalls frequently encountered by physicians interpreting DXA studies. Being aware of these pitfalls will help readers recognize and avoid them when encountered in clinical practice.

Keywords: dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry; fractures; osteoporosis.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Absorptiometry, Photon / standards*
  • Bone Density Conservation Agents / therapeutic use
  • Bone Density*
  • Contrast Media
  • Denosumab / adverse effects
  • Diagnostic Errors
  • Femoral Fractures / chemically induced
  • Femoral Fractures / diagnostic imaging
  • Femur Neck / diagnostic imaging
  • Humans
  • Movement
  • Osteitis Deformans / complications
  • Osteitis Deformans / diagnostic imaging
  • Osteoarthritis / complications
  • Osteoarthritis / diagnostic imaging
  • Osteoporosis / complications
  • Osteoporosis / diagnostic imaging*
  • Osteoporosis / drug therapy
  • Patient Positioning
  • Radioisotopes
  • Spine / diagnostic imaging

Substances

  • Bone Density Conservation Agents
  • Contrast Media
  • Radioisotopes
  • Denosumab