Predisposition to prolonged neutropenia after chemotherapy for paediatric acute myeloid leukaemia is associated with better prognosis in the Japanese Paediatric Leukaemia/Lymphoma Study Group AML-05 study

Br J Haematol. 2021 Apr;193(1):176-180. doi: 10.1111/bjh.16656. Epub 2020 Apr 26.

Abstract

The variability in myelosuppression after chemotherapy for acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) can affect its prognosis; however, the underlying mechanism remains controversial. In the Japanese Paediatric Leukaemia/Lymphoma Study Group AML-05 study, we showed that prolonged neutropenia was associated with high overall survival (P = 0·011) and low frequency of relapse (P = 0·042) in patients without granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) who completed the indicated treatment protocol. Our data indicate that predisposition to prolonged neutropenia after chemotherapy is correlated with a better outcome of AML treatment. Our results promote the usage of individualised drug dosing strategies to improve the therapeutic outcome in AML patients.

Keywords: acute myeloid leukaemia; chemosensitivity; children; myelosuppression; neutropenia.

MeSH terms

  • Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / adverse effects*
  • Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / therapeutic use
  • Bone Marrow Failure Disorders / chemically induced
  • Child
  • Disease Susceptibility
  • Female
  • Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor / adverse effects
  • Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor / pharmacology*
  • Humans
  • Japan / epidemiology
  • Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute / drug therapy*
  • Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute / immunology*
  • Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute / mortality
  • Male
  • Neutropenia / chemically induced*
  • Neutropenia / epidemiology
  • Prognosis
  • Survival Analysis

Substances

  • Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor