Unmasking individual differences in adult reading procedures by disrupting holistic orthographic perception

PLoS One. 2020 May 26;15(5):e0233041. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0233041. eCollection 2020.

Abstract

Word identification is undeniably important for skilled reading and ultimately reading comprehension. Interestingly, both lexical and sublexical procedures can support word identification. Recent cross-linguistic comparisons have demonstrated that there are biases in orthographic coding (e.g., holistic vs. analytic) linked with differences in writing systems, such that holistic orthographic coding is correlated with lexical-level reading procedures and vice versa. The current study uses a measure of holistic visual processing used in the face processing literature, orientation sensitivity, to test individual differences in word identification within a native English population. Results revealed that greater orientation sensitivity (i.e., greater holistic processing) was associated with a reading profile that relies less on sublexical phonological measures and more on lexical-level characteristics within the skilled English readers. Parallels to Chinese procedures of reading and a proposed alternative route to skilled reading are discussed.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Comprehension
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Individuality
  • Language
  • Male
  • Pattern Recognition, Visual*
  • Phonetics
  • Reaction Time
  • Reading*
  • Vocabulary*
  • Young Adult