Predictors of efficacy of androgen-receptor-axis-targeted therapies in patients with metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Crit Rev Oncol Hematol. 2020 Jul:151:102992. doi: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2020.102992. Epub 2020 May 23.

Abstract

Background: Both docetaxel and androgen-receptor-axis-targeted (ARAT) agents are approved in metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer (mCSPC) patients. Predictive factors of therapy efficacy are lacking.

Methods: We included articles reporting data about randomized-controlled clinical trials (RCTs) testing an ARAT agent plus ADT vs. ADT. We aimed to obtain pooled estimates of efficacy outcomes and assess differences in pooled estimates of efficacy outcomes between sub-groups.

Results: A total of 5427 mCSPC patients enrolled in five RCTs were evaluable for OS (Overall Survival) and PFS (Progression-free survival). Pooled OS-HR (Hazard Ratio) was 0.66 (95 % CI: 0.60-0.74), while pooled PFS-HR was 0.46 (95 % CI: 0.40-0.53). Combined treatment with docetaxel was associated with differential OS outcomes, while tumor volume according to the CHAARTED criteria and visceral metastasis were associated with differential PFS outcomes.

Conclusion: Our results add evidence that ARAT agents improve OS in mCSPC and discourage their combined use with docetaxel in this setting.

Keywords: Abiraterone; Apalutamide; Castration-sensitive prostate cancer; Enzalutamide.

Publication types

  • Meta-Analysis
  • Systematic Review

MeSH terms

  • Androgen Antagonists / therapeutic use*
  • Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols
  • Castration
  • Disease-Free Survival
  • Docetaxel / therapeutic use*
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Prostatic Neoplasms / drug therapy*
  • Prostatic Neoplasms / pathology
  • Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant / drug therapy*
  • Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant / pathology
  • Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • Androgen Antagonists
  • Docetaxel