Brief Report: Relationship Between Cotinine Levels and Peripheral Endogenous Concentrations of Oxytocin, β-Endorphin, and Orexin in Individuals With Both Alcohol and Nicotine Use Disorders

Am J Addict. 2021 Jan;30(1):88-91. doi: 10.1111/ajad.13064. Epub 2020 Jun 2.

Abstract

Background and objectives: In this secondary analysis of a pilot clinical trial with individuals with alcohol and nicotine use disorders, we investigate the relationship between serum concentrations of oxytocin, β-endorphin, melatonin, α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone, substance P, and orexin, with objective biomarkers (salivary cotinine and serum γ-glutamyl transferase [GGT]) as well as with self-reported smoking and alcohol drinking.

Methods: Biomarkers for a total of N = 19 participants were analyzed using multiplexed, competitive format immune-assay (peptides) and enzyme competitive immunoassay (saliva). A regression analysis using Pearson's correlation coefficient was utilized to determine correlations. We controlled for multiple comparisons, checked for collinearities, and ran two-sided statistical tests.

Results: We found significant positive correlations for cotinine and oxytocin (P = .002), β-endorphin (P = .008), and orexin (P < .001), but not for either GGT or self-reported smoking or alcohol drinking.

Conclusion and scientific significance: These preliminary results suggest a relationship between cotinine and oxytocin, β-endorphin, and orexin, which opens up new potential hypotheses on the potential role of these endocrine pathways in tobacco smokers. (Am J Addict 2021;30:88-91).

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Alcohol Drinking / blood
  • Alcoholism / blood*
  • Cotinine / metabolism*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Melatonin / blood
  • Middle Aged
  • Orexins / blood*
  • Oxytocin / blood*
  • Saliva / chemistry
  • Smoking / blood
  • Substance P / blood
  • Tobacco Use Disorder / blood*
  • alpha-MSH / blood
  • beta-Endorphin / blood*
  • gamma-Glutamyltransferase / blood

Substances

  • Orexins
  • Substance P
  • Oxytocin
  • alpha-MSH
  • beta-Endorphin
  • gamma-Glutamyltransferase
  • Melatonin
  • Cotinine