Filanesib in combination with pomalidomide and dexamethasone in refractory MM patients: safety and efficacy, and association with alpha 1-acid glycoprotein (AAG) levels. Phase Ib/II Pomdefil clinical trial conducted by the Spanish MM group

Br J Haematol. 2021 Feb;192(3):522-530. doi: 10.1111/bjh.16788. Epub 2020 Jun 5.

Abstract

This phase I/II trial evaluated the combination of the kinesin spindle protein inhibitor filanesib with pomalidomide and dexamethasone in relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM) patients. Forty-seven RRMM patients with a median of three prior lines (2-8) and 94% refractory to lenalidomide were included: 14 in phase I and 33 in phase II. The recommended dose was 1·25 mg/m2 of filanesib on days 1, 2, 15, 16, with pomalidomide 4 mg on days 1-21 and dexamethasone 40 mg weekly. The defined threshold for success was achieved, with 18 out of 31 patients obtaining at least minor response (MR) in the phase II. In the global population, 51% of patients achieved at least partial response (PR) and 60% ≥MR, resulting in a median progression-free survival (mPFS) of seven months and overall survival (OS) of 19 months. The main toxicity was haematological. Importantly, patients with low serum levels of alpha 1-acid glycoprotein (AAG) at baseline (<800 mg/l) had a superior response (overall response rate of 62% vs. 17%; P = 0·04), which also translated into a longer mPFS (9 vs. 2 months; P = 0·014). In summary, filanesib with pomalidomide and dexamethasone is active in RRMM although with significant haematological toxicity. Most importantly, high levels of AAG can identify patients unlikely to respond to this strategy. Trial registration: clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT02384083.

Keywords: AAG; KSP; Pomalidomide; filanesib; myeloma.

Publication types

  • Clinical Trial, Phase II
  • Multicenter Study
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Antineoplastic Agents / adverse effects
  • Antineoplastic Agents / therapeutic use*
  • Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / adverse effects
  • Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / therapeutic use
  • Dexamethasone / adverse effects
  • Dexamethasone / therapeutic use*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Kinesins / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Multiple Myeloma / blood
  • Multiple Myeloma / drug therapy*
  • Multiple Myeloma / epidemiology
  • Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / blood
  • Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / drug therapy
  • Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / epidemiology
  • Orosomucoid / analysis*
  • Spain / epidemiology
  • Thalidomide / adverse effects
  • Thalidomide / analogs & derivatives*
  • Thalidomide / therapeutic use
  • Thiadiazoles / adverse effects
  • Thiadiazoles / therapeutic use*
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • Antineoplastic Agents
  • Orosomucoid
  • Thiadiazoles
  • Thalidomide
  • Dexamethasone
  • filanesib
  • pomalidomide
  • Kinesins

Associated data

  • ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT02384083

Grants and funding