Objective: To estimate the prevalence rate of bone and joint injury in China and to describe the three-dimension distribution of the disease (area, time and people).
Methods: Based on a cross-sectional design, a retrospective study was conducted by using Chinese basic medical insurance database from January 1, 2013 to December 31, 2017 to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of bone and joint injury. The prevalence rate of bone and joint injury in each city was calculated, and then using meta-analyses to estimate the pooled prevalence of each area and the whole country. The pooled prevalence rates were compared among the different groups of populations, in terms of geographical area, time and population characteristics (age and gender).
Results: A total of 28 419 264 subjects were included in this study, including 705 793 patients with bone and joint injury. From 2013 to 2017, in Chinese basic medical insurance database, the overall prevalence rate of bone and joint injury was 141.5(95%CI: 90.4－203.7) per 10 000 population, and the prevalence rates of non-specific or polyarticular disease, knee disease, and shoulder disease were 101.6 (95%CI: 63.5－148.4)per 10 000 population, 22.5(95%CI:15.1－31.4)per 10 000 population and 10.9 (95%CI: 6.4－16.4)per 10 000 population. The prevalence rates varied across the areas, the highest rate was observed in North China, with the prevalence of 310.6 (95%CI: 12.6－989.7) per 10 000 population, and the lowest rate was observed in Southwest China, with the prevalence of 59.0 (95%CI: 37.5－85.2) per 10 000 population. The prevalence rate of bone and joint injury increased over the study period, from 111.1 (95%CI: 56.0－182.5)per 10 000 population in 2013 to 175.5 (95%CI: 116.8－245.5)per 10 000 population in 2017. The prevalence of bone and joint injury in the female population was 149.1 (95%CI: 94.2－215.9) per 10 000 population, which was higher than that of men [133.6(95%CI: 86.2－190.9) per 10 000 population]. The higher prevalence of knee disease, unspecified or polyarticular disease, and bone and joint injury were observed in people aged 60 years and older, while the prevalence of shoulder disease peaked in 40－59 years old people [20.6 (95%CI: 12.5－30.5) per 10 000 population].
Conclusion: This study reported a relative low prevalence of bone and joint injury in China from 2013 to 2017. The prevalence increased over the study period, and the highest prevalence rate was observed in North China. The prevalence rate showed differences among different groups of populations, and higher rates were observed in females and people aged 60 years and older.
目的: 了解我国骨关节伤病的患病率及三间分布特征。
方法: 采用横断面设计,回顾性分析2013—2017年中国城镇基本医疗保险抽样数据库中骨关节伤病的流行病学特征。以市为单位抽样,首先计算各城市骨关节伤病的患病率,使用Meta分析对城市患病率进行加权,获得各区域以及全国的患病率及其95%CI,并进一步描述其空间(区域)、时间(年份)和人群(年龄、性别)等的分布特征。
结果: 纳入研究对象28 419 264人,其中骨关节伤病患者705 793人。2013—2017年城镇医保数据库中,骨关节伤病的患病率为141.5(95%CI:90.4~203.7)/万人,其中非特指或多关节疾病、膝关节疾病和肩关节疾病的患病率依次为101.6(95%CI:63.5~148.4)/万人,22.5(95%CI:15.1~31.4)/万人和10.9(95%CI:6.4~16.4)/万人;就空间分布而言,骨关节伤病在不同地区的患病率差异较大,华北地区最高,达310(95%CI:12.6~989.7)/万人、西南地区最低,为59.0(95%CI:37.5~85.2)/万人;就时间分布而言, 2013—2017年骨关节伤病的患病率逐年上升, 从2013年的111.1(95%CI:56.0~182.5)/万人上升至2017年的175.5(95%CI:116.8~245.5)/万人;就人群分布而言,女性人群的患病率为149.1(95%CI:94.2~215.9)/万人,高于男性133.6(95%CI:86.2~190.9)/万人,膝关节疾病、非特指或多关节疾病,以及骨关节伤病整体在较大的年龄组中患病率较高,而肩关节疾病的患病率在40~59岁达到峰值[20.6(95%CI:12.5~30.5)/万人]。
结论: 2013—2017年城镇医保数据库中,骨关节伤病的患病率较低,但呈现逐年上升的变化趋势。骨关节伤病的患病率在华北地区最高,且在不同年龄和性别的人群中具有差异,女性高于男性,在0~17岁人群中最低,而在60岁及以上人群中最高。
Keywords: Disease; Epidemiology; Injury; Joint; Prevalence rate.