Relative Abundance of SARS-CoV-2 Entry Genes in the Enterocytes of the Lower Gastrointestinal Tract

Genes (Basel). 2020 Jun 11;11(6):645. doi: 10.3390/genes11060645.

Abstract

There is increasing evidence of gastrointestinal (GI) infection by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). We surveyed the co-expression of SARS-CoV-2 entry genes ACE2 and TMPRSS2 throughout the GI tract to assess potential sites of infection. Publicly available and in-house single-cell RNA-sequencing datasets from the GI tract were queried. Enterocytes from the small intestine and colonocytes showed the highest proportions of cells co-expressing ACE2 and TMPRSS2. Therefore, the lower GI tract represents the most likely site of SARS-CoV-2 entry leading to GI infection.

Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; gastrointestinal tract; scRNA-seq.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2
  • Base Sequence
  • Betacoronavirus / metabolism*
  • COVID-19
  • Cells, Cultured
  • Coronavirus Infections / pathology
  • Enterocytes / metabolism*
  • Enterocytes / virology
  • Gastrointestinal Diseases / virology
  • Humans
  • Lower Gastrointestinal Tract / metabolism*
  • Lower Gastrointestinal Tract / virology
  • Membrane Proteins / genetics
  • Membrane Proteins / metabolism
  • Pandemics
  • Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A / genetics*
  • Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A / metabolism
  • Pneumonia, Viral / pathology
  • SARS-CoV-2
  • Sequence Analysis
  • Serine Endopeptidases / genetics*
  • Serine Endopeptidases / metabolism
  • Virus Internalization

Substances

  • Membrane Proteins
  • Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A
  • ACE2 protein, human
  • Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2
  • Serine Endopeptidases
  • TMPRSS2 protein, human
  • TMPRSS4 protein, human