Ultrastructural features of CD8+ and CD4+ peripheral T-cell lymphomas were studied and the results revealed distinct traits correlated with phenotype. CD8+ peripheral T-cell lymphomas were characterized by a rich organular pattern with a well-developed Golgi apparatus, dense granules, numerous and atypical giant mitochondria. CD4+ peripheral T-cell lymphomas were characterized by wide cytoplasmic areas devoid of organelles. Since similar ultrastructural features differentiated normal and pathological CD8+ and CD4+ peripheral T-lymphocytes, we conclude that under both normal and pathological conditions the expression on the part of the peripheral T-lymphocytes of CD8+ and CD4+ phenotypes is associated to morphological features which distinguish the two subsets.