Aortic Coarctation

Cardiol Clin. 2020 Aug;38(3):337-351. doi: 10.1016/j.ccl.2020.04.003. Epub 2020 May 31.

Abstract

Aortic coarctation is a discrete narrowing of the thoracic aorta. In addition to anatomic obstruction, it can be considered an aortopathy with abnormal vascular properties characterized by stiffness and impaired relaxation. There are surgical and transcatheter techniques to address the obstruction but, despite relief, patients with aortic coarctation are at risk for hypertension, aortic complications, and abnormalities with left ventricular performance. This review covers the etiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management of adults with aortic coarctation, with emphasis on multimodality imaging characteristics and lifelong surveillance to identify long-term complications.

Keywords: Aorta; Aortic coarctation; Aortopathy; Congenital heart disease; Stent therapy.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Aorta* / diagnostic imaging
  • Aorta* / physiopathology
  • Aortic Coarctation* / complications
  • Aortic Coarctation* / diagnosis
  • Aortic Coarctation* / physiopathology
  • Aortic Coarctation* / surgery
  • Heart Ventricles* / diagnostic imaging
  • Heart Ventricles* / physiopathology
  • Humans
  • Multimodal Imaging / methods*
  • Risk Adjustment
  • Vascular Surgical Procedures / methods*