The Association Between Early Age-Related Hearing Loss and Brain β-Amyloid

Laryngoscope. 2021 Mar;131(3):633-638. doi: 10.1002/lary.28859. Epub 2020 Jul 9.

Abstract

Objectives/hypothesis: To analyze the association between early audiometric age-related hearing loss and brain β-amyloid, the pathologic hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD).

Study design: Cross-sectional analysis of a prospective cohort study.

Methods: A cross-sectional analysis was performed on 98 participants in a cohort study of hearing and brain biomarkers of AD. The primary outcome was whole brain β-amyloid standardized uptake value ratio (SUVR) on positron emission tomography (PET). The exposure was hearing, as measured by either pure-tone average or word recognition score in the better ear. Covariates included age, gender, education, cardiovascular disease, and hearing aid use. Linear regression was performed to analyze the association between β-amyloid and hearing, adjusting for potentially confounding covariates.

Results: The mean age ± standard deviation was 64.6 ± 3.5 years. In multivariable regression, adjusting for demographics, education, cardiovascular disease, and hearing aid use, whole brain β-amyloid SUVR increased by 0.029 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.003-0.056) for every 10 dB increase in pure-tone average (P = .030). Similarly, whole brain β-amyloid SUVR increased by 0.061 (95% CI: 0.009-0.112) for every 10% increase in word recognition score (P = .012).

Conclusions: Worsening hearing was associated with higher β-amyloid burden, a pathologic hallmark of AD, measured in vivo with PET scans.

Level of evidence: 3 Laryngoscope, 131:633-638, 2021.

Keywords: Age-related hearing loss; cognition; dementia; presbycusis; β-amyloid.

Publication types

  • Evaluation Study
  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Alzheimer Disease / complications
  • Alzheimer Disease / metabolism*
  • Amyloid beta-Peptides / metabolism*
  • Audiometry, Pure-Tone
  • Biomarkers / metabolism
  • Brain / diagnostic imaging
  • Brain / metabolism
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Linear Models
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Positron-Emission Tomography*
  • Presbycusis / metabolism*
  • Presbycusis / psychology
  • Prospective Studies
  • Regression Analysis

Substances

  • Amyloid beta-Peptides
  • Biomarkers