High-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy to treat patients with hypoxemic acute respiratory failure consequent to SARS-CoV-2 infection

Thorax. 2020 Nov;75(11):998-1000. doi: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2020-214993. Epub 2020 Jul 23.

Abstract

This observational study aims to assess the outcome and safety of O2-therapy by high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) in 28 consecutive patients with severe hypoxemic acute respiratory failure (hARF) consequent to SARS-CoV-2 infection, unresponsive to conventional O2-therapy. Nineteen patients had a positive response. Nine patients required escalation of treatment to non-invasive ventilation (five subsequently intubated). None of the staff had a positive swab testing during the study period and the following 14 days. Severity of hypoxemia and C reactive protein level were correlated with HFNC failure. These data suggest HFNC to be a safe treatment for less severe patients with SARS-CoV-2 hARF and efficacy will need to be assessed as part of a clinical trial.

Keywords: critical care; non invasive ventilation; respiratory infection; viral infection.

Publication types

  • Observational Study

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Betacoronavirus*
  • COVID-19
  • Cannula
  • Cohort Studies
  • Coronavirus Infections / complications*
  • Coronavirus Infections / therapy*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Hypoxia / therapy*
  • Hypoxia / virology
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Noninvasive Ventilation
  • Oxygen Inhalation Therapy*
  • Pandemics
  • Pneumonia, Viral / complications*
  • Pneumonia, Viral / therapy*
  • Respiratory Insufficiency / therapy*
  • Respiratory Insufficiency / virology
  • SARS-CoV-2
  • Treatment Outcome