Paediatric Escherichia coli bacteraemia presentations and high-risk factors in the emergency department

Acta Paediatr. 2021 Mar;110(3):1032-1037. doi: 10.1111/apa.15549. Epub 2020 Sep 9.

Abstract

Aim: Escherichia coli (E coli) is a known cause of paediatric bacteraemia. The main objective was to characterise the emergency department (ED) presentations of paediatric E coli bacteraemia and secondarily to identify those related to greater severity.

Methods: This was a sub-study of a multicentre cross-sectional prospective registry including all with E coli bacteraemia episodes between 2011 and 2016. We used multiple correspondence and cluster analysis to identify different patterns.

Results: We included 291 patients and 43 met criteria for severe disease (14.3%, 95% confidence interval 11.2-19.3). We identified four types of paediatric E coli bacteraemia presentations. Two (178 patients, 61.2%) were related to well-appearing previously healthy infants with associated urinary tract infection (UTI). Well-appearing children older than 12 months old with underlying disease (n = 60, 20.6%) and non-well-appearing children of different ages (n = 53, 18.2%) corresponded to the other two types; these had associated UTI infrequently and higher severity rate (15% and 50.9%, respectively, higher when compared with the two previous types, P < .01), including the two patients who died.

Conclusion: There were four different types of ED paediatric E coli bacteraemia presentations with different severity. Febrile young children with associated UTI showed the best outcome.

Keywords: Escherichia coli; bacteraemia; outcome; risk factor; urinary tract infection.

MeSH terms

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / therapeutic use
  • Bacteremia* / drug therapy
  • Bacteremia* / epidemiology
  • Child
  • Child, Preschool
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Emergency Service, Hospital
  • Escherichia coli
  • Escherichia coli Infections* / diagnosis
  • Escherichia coli Infections* / epidemiology
  • Humans
  • Infant
  • Risk Factors
  • Urinary Tract Infections* / diagnosis
  • Urinary Tract Infections* / drug therapy
  • Urinary Tract Infections* / epidemiology

Substances

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents