A comprehensive strategy for the early treatment of COVID-19 with azithromycin/hydroxychloroquine and/or corticosteroids: Results of a retrospective observational study in the French overseas department of Réunion Island

J Glob Antimicrob Resist. 2020 Dec:23:1-3. doi: 10.1016/j.jgar.2020.08.001. Epub 2020 Aug 20.

Abstract

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the prognosis of COVID-19 patients in Reunion Island, with a particular focus on the management of patients with hypoxemic pneumonia.

Methods: This retrospective observational study was conducted from 11 March to 17 April 2020 at the only hospital authorized to manage patients with COVID-19 in Reunion Island.

Results: Over the study period, 164 out of 398 patients (41.2%) infected with COVID-19 were admitted to Félix Guyon University Hospital. Of these, 36 (22%) developed hypoxemic pneumonia. Patients with hypoxemic pneumonia were aged 66 [56-77] years, 69% were male and 33% had hypertension. Ten patients (27.8%) were hospitalized in intensive care unit (ICU). Hydroxychloroquine/azithromycin treatment was associated with a lower ICU admission rate (P=0.008). None of the 6 patients treated with corticosteroids were hospitalized in ICU (P=0.16). There were no deaths at follow up (minimum 80 days).

Conclusions: Despite the risk profile of COVID-19 patients with severe hypoxemic pneumonia, the mortality rate of the disease in Reunion Island was 0%. This may be due to the care bundle used in our hospital (early hospitalisation, treatment with hydroxychloroquine/azithromycin and/or corticosteroids, non-invasive respiratory support, etc).

Keywords: Azithromycin; COVID-19; Corticosteroids; Hydroxychloroquine; SARS-CoV-2.

Publication types

  • Observational Study

MeSH terms

  • Adrenal Cortex Hormones / administration & dosage*
  • Aged
  • Azithromycin / administration & dosage*
  • COVID-19 / virology
  • COVID-19 Drug Treatment*
  • Drug Therapy, Combination
  • Female
  • Hospitalization
  • Humans
  • Hydroxychloroquine / administration & dosage*
  • Intensive Care Units
  • Kaplan-Meier Estimate
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Reunion
  • SARS-CoV-2 / isolation & purification

Substances

  • Adrenal Cortex Hormones
  • Hydroxychloroquine
  • Azithromycin