Association Between Physical Exercise and Cognitive Function Among Community-Dwelling Older Adults

J Appl Gerontol. 2021 Mar;40(3):300-309. doi: 10.1177/0733464820952242. Epub 2020 Aug 26.

Abstract

Objectives: To examine the association between self-reported physical exercise and cognitive function.

Design: Secondary data analysis of a prospective cohort study.

Participants: Community-dwelling older adults with normal cognitive function at baseline.

Measurements: Data on self-reported physical exercise, immediate and delayed recall, clock drawing test, and orientation to time and current events were collected at baseline and annual follow-up visits. Generalized estimation equation method was used to determine the association between physical exercise and decline in cognitive function.

Results: A total of 4,227 participants were included in the analysis, 58% women, 78% White, mean (SD) age 75.7 (7.1) years. The risk of cognitive decline was lower among those who reported moderate-to-high intensity exercise (odds ratio [OR] confidence interval [CI] = 0.45 [0.20, 0.69]; p < .001) and low-intensity exercise (OR [CI] = 0.62 [0.44, 0.83]).

Conclusion: These results reaffirm the positive impact of physical exercise in maintaining cognitive function among older adults.

Keywords: cognitive function; community; physical activity.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Cognition
  • Cognitive Dysfunction*
  • Exercise
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Independent Living*
  • Male
  • Prospective Studies