Left-to-right shunts represent a significant portion of congenital heart disease. Such lesions are common in isolation, but are frequently seen in conjunction with other, often more complex, congenital heart disease. This review covers basic anatomy, physiology, physical examination findings, diagnosis and management for atrial septal defects, ventricular septal defects, and patent ductus arteriosa.
Keywords: Atrial septal defect (ASD); Left-to-right shunt; Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA); Shunt; Ventricular septal defect (VSD).
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