Patients with acute heart failure treated with the CARRESS-HF diuretic protocol in association with canrenoate potassium: Tolerance of high doses of canrenoate potassium

Arch Cardiovasc Dis. 2020 Nov;113(11):679-689. doi: 10.1016/j.acvd.2020.05.017. Epub 2020 Sep 15.

Abstract

Background: Oral mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists have failed to prove their efficacy for decongestion and potassium homeostasis in acute heart failure. Intravenous mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists have yet to be studied.

Aim: The aim of this study was to confirm the safety of high-dose potassium canrenoate in association with classic diuretics in acute heart failure.

Methods: This retrospective single-centre study included consecutive patients who were hospitalized with acute heart failure between 2013 and 2018. One hundred patients with overload treated with the standardized diuretic protocol from the CARRESS-HF trial were included. There were no exclusion criteria relating to creatinine or kalaemia at the time of admission. Two groups were constituted on the basis of potassium canrenoate posology: a low-dose group (<300mg/day) and a high-dose group (≥300mg/day); the groups were similar in terms of baseline characteristics.

Results: Mean daily potassium canrenoate doses were 198mg/day (range 100-280mg/day) in the low-dose group and 360mg/day (range 300-600mg/day) in the high-dose group. There was no significant difference between the high-dose and low-dose groups in terms of mortality, dialysis, renal function, hyperkalaemia, haemorrhage, sepsis or confusion.

Conclusions: Potassium canrenoate at high doses can be used safely in association with standard diuretics in acute heart failure, even in patients with altered renal function. A prospective study is required to evaluate the efficacy of high-dose potassium canrenoate in preventing hypokalaemia and improving decongestion.

Keywords: Diuretics; Diurétiques; Dyskalaemia; Heart failure; Insuffisance cardiaque; Insuffisance rénale; Renal failure.

MeSH terms

  • Acute Disease
  • Administration, Intravenous
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Canrenoic Acid / administration & dosage*
  • Canrenoic Acid / adverse effects
  • Drug Therapy, Combination
  • Female
  • Heart Failure / diagnosis
  • Heart Failure / drug therapy*
  • Heart Failure / physiopathology
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists / administration & dosage*
  • Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists / adverse effects
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Factors
  • Sodium Potassium Chloride Symporter Inhibitors / administration & dosage*
  • Sodium Potassium Chloride Symporter Inhibitors / adverse effects
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists
  • Sodium Potassium Chloride Symporter Inhibitors
  • Canrenoic Acid