Postmortem diagnosis of PPA2-associated sudden cardiac death from dried blood spot in a neonate presenting with vocal cord paralysis

Cold Spring Harb Mol Case Stud. 2020 Oct 7;6(5):a005611. doi: 10.1101/mcs.a005611. Print 2020 Oct.

Abstract

Biallelic variants in inorganic pyrophosphatase 2 (PPA2) are known to cause infantile sudden cardiac failure (OMIM #617222), but relatively little is known about phenotypic variability of these patients prior to their death. We report a 5-wk-old male with bilateral vocal cord paralysis and hypertension who had a sudden unexpected cardiac death. Subsequently, molecular autopsy via whole-genome sequencing from newborn dried blood spot identified compound heterozygous mutations in PPA2, with a paternally inherited, pathogenic missense variant (c.514G > A; p.Glu172Lys) and a novel, maternally inherited missense variant of uncertain significance (c.442A > T; p.Thr148Ser). This report expands the presenting phenotype of patients with PPA2 variants. It also highlights the utility of dried blood spots for postmortem molecular diagnosis.

Keywords: aspiration; bilateral vocal cord paresis; cardiorespiratory arrest; gastroesophageal reflux; laryngomalacia; neonatal hypoglycemia; respiratory failure.

Publication types

  • Case Reports
  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • Death, Sudden, Cardiac / etiology*
  • Death, Sudden, Cardiac / pathology
  • Genetic Predisposition to Disease / genetics
  • Humans
  • Infant
  • Inorganic Pyrophosphatase / genetics*
  • Inorganic Pyrophosphatase / metabolism
  • Male
  • Mitochondrial Proteins / genetics*
  • Mitochondrial Proteins / metabolism
  • Mutation, Missense
  • Phenotype
  • Pyrophosphatases / genetics
  • Vocal Cord Paralysis / complications
  • Vocal Cord Paralysis / diagnosis
  • Vocal Cord Paralysis / genetics*

Substances

  • Mitochondrial Proteins
  • Pyrophosphatases
  • Inorganic Pyrophosphatase
  • PPA2 protein, human