ANO3 and early-onset dyskinetic encephalopathy

Eur J Med Genet. 2020 Dec;63(12):104085. doi: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2020.104085. Epub 2020 Oct 9.

Abstract

Mutations in the ANO3 gene have been associated with autosomal dominant craniocervical dystonia. However, little else is known about the genotype-phenotype characteristics of this disorder. Here we describe a 3 years-old girl with distal myoclonic dystonia. Whole exome sequencing in trio revealed a de novo missense ANO3 variant not previously described in international databases. A global psychomotor regression was observed once dystonia was present. Brain MRI changes paralleled these findings: whereas MRI at the age of 18 months was normal, mild brain and cerebellar atrophy was observed 18 months later. These results suggest that missense mutations in ANO3 may underlie complex disorders particularly characterized by early psychomotor regression and dystonia.

Keywords: ANO3 gene; Craniocervical dystonia; Psychomotor regression.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Age of Onset
  • Anoctamins / genetics*
  • Brain Diseases / diagnostic imaging
  • Brain Diseases / genetics*
  • Brain Diseases / pathology
  • Cerebellum / diagnostic imaging
  • Child, Preschool
  • Dystonic Disorders / diagnostic imaging
  • Dystonic Disorders / genetics*
  • Dystonic Disorders / pathology
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Mutation, Missense
  • Psychomotor Disorders / diagnostic imaging
  • Psychomotor Disorders / genetics*
  • Psychomotor Disorders / pathology

Substances

  • ANO3 protein, human
  • Anoctamins

Supplementary concepts

  • Myoclonic dystonia