Substrate recognition by TRIM and TRIM-like proteins in innate immunity

Semin Cell Dev Biol. 2021 Mar:111:76-85. doi: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2020.09.013. Epub 2020 Oct 20.

Abstract

TRIM (Tripartite motif) and TRIM-like proteins have emerged as an important class of E3 ligases in innate immunity. Their functions range from activation or regulation of innate immune signaling pathway to direct detection and restriction of pathogens. Despite the importance, molecular mechanisms for many TRIM/TRIM-like proteins remain poorly characterized, in part due to challenges of identifying their substrates. In this review, we discuss several TRIM/TRIM-like proteins in RNA sensing pathways and viral restriction functions. We focus on those containing PRY-SPRY, the domain most frequently used for substrate recognition, and discuss emerging mechanisms that are commonly utilized by several TRIM/TRIM-like proteins to tightly control their interaction with the substrates.

Keywords: Innate immunity; Oligomer; PRY-SPRY domain; RIG-I like receptors; Substrate recognition; Tripartite motif protein.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing / genetics
  • Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing / immunology
  • B30.2-SPRY Domain / genetics*
  • DEAD Box Protein 58 / genetics*
  • DEAD Box Protein 58 / immunology
  • Gene Expression Regulation
  • Humans
  • Immunity, Innate*
  • Interferon Regulatory Factor-3 / genetics
  • Interferon Regulatory Factor-3 / immunology
  • Interferon-Induced Helicase, IFIH1 / genetics*
  • Interferon-Induced Helicase, IFIH1 / immunology
  • Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / genetics
  • Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / immunology
  • Multigene Family
  • Receptors, Immunologic / genetics*
  • Receptors, Immunologic / immunology
  • Signal Transduction
  • Substrate Specificity
  • Tripartite Motif Proteins / chemistry
  • Tripartite Motif Proteins / classification
  • Tripartite Motif Proteins / genetics*
  • Tripartite Motif Proteins / immunology
  • Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases / classification
  • Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases / genetics*
  • Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases / immunology

Substances

  • Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing
  • IRF3 protein, human
  • Interferon Regulatory Factor-3
  • Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins
  • MAVS protein, human
  • Receptors, Immunologic
  • Tifab protein, human
  • Tripartite Motif Proteins
  • Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases
  • RIGI protein, human
  • IFIH1 protein, human
  • DEAD Box Protein 58
  • Interferon-Induced Helicase, IFIH1