The SNAP- tag technology revised: an effective chemo-enzymatic approach by using a universal azide-based substrate

J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem. 2021 Dec;36(1):85-97. doi: 10.1080/14756366.2020.1841182.

Abstract

SNAP-tag ® is a powerful technology for the labelling of protein/enzymes by using benzyl-guanine (BG) derivatives as substrates. Although commercially available or ad hoc produced, their synthesis and purification are necessary, increasing time and costs. To address this limitation, here we suggest a revision of this methodology, by performing a chemo-enzymatic approach, by using a BG-substrate containing an azide group appropriately distanced by a spacer from the benzyl ring. The SNAP-tag ® and its relative thermostable version (SsOGT-H5 ) proved to be very active on this substrate. The stability of these tags upon enzymatic reaction makes possible the exposition to the solvent of the azide-moiety linked to the catalytic cysteine, compatible for the subsequent conjugation with DBCO-derivatives by azide-alkyne Huisgen cycloaddition. Our studies propose a strengthening and an improvement in terms of biotechnological applications for this self-labelling protein-tag.

Keywords: Protein-tag; biotechnology; click chemistry; enzymatic reaction; protein labelling.

MeSH terms

  • Azides / chemical synthesis
  • Azides / chemistry*
  • DNA Modification Methylases / chemistry
  • DNA Modification Methylases / metabolism*
  • Fluorescent Dyes / chemical synthesis
  • Fluorescent Dyes / chemistry*
  • HEK293 Cells
  • Humans
  • Models, Molecular
  • Molecular Structure
  • Structure-Activity Relationship
  • Substrate Specificity

Substances

  • Azides
  • Fluorescent Dyes
  • DNA Modification Methylases

Grants and funding

This research was funded by Ministero dell’Istruzione Università e Ricerca (MIUR) National Operational Program (PON) Research and Innovation 2014–2020 [CCI 2014IT16M2OP005], European Social Fund, Action I0.1 “Innovative Doctorates with Industrial characterization.” This research was also founded by Università del Piemonte Orientale (project: RIVmiggianorFAR_2019).