Management of Rare Causes of Pediatric Chronic Respiratory Failure

Jenny Shi; Nawal Al-Shamli; Jackie Chiang; Reshma Amin

doi:10.1016/j.jsmc.2020.07.002

Management of Rare Causes of Pediatric Chronic Respiratory Failure

Sleep Med Clin. 2020 Dec;15(4):511-526. doi: 10.1016/j.jsmc.2020.07.002. Epub 2020 Sep 30.

Authors

Jenny Shi¹, Nawal Al-Shamli¹, Jackie Chiang¹, Reshma Amin²

Affiliations

¹ The Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, 4539 Hill Wing, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X8, Canada; The University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
² The Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, 4539 Hill Wing, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X8, Canada; The University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Electronic address: [email protected].

PMID: 33131661
DOI: 10.1016/j.jsmc.2020.07.002

Abstract

The need for long-term noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (NiPPV) in children with chronic respiratory failure is rapidly growing. This article reviews pediatric-specific considerations of NiPPV therapy. Indications for NiPPV therapy can be categorized by the cause of the respiratory failure: (1) upper airway obstruction, (2) musculoskeletal and/or neuromuscular disease, (3) lower respiratory tract diseases, and (4) control of breathing abnormalities. The role of NiPPV therapy in select rare conditions (spinal muscular atrophy, congenital central hypoventilation syndrome, cerebral palsy, scoliosis, and Chiari malformations) is also reviewed.

Keywords: Cerebral palsy (CP); Chiari malformations; Chronic respiratory failure; Congenital central hypoventilation syndrome (CCHS); Noninvasive ventilation; Pediatrics; Scoliosis; Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA).

Publication types

Review

MeSH terms

Child
Humans
Noninvasive Ventilation*
Positive-Pressure Respiration*
Respiratory Insufficiency / etiology*
Respiratory Insufficiency / therapy*