Endoscopic balloon dilation of colorectal strictures complicating Crohn's disease: a multicenter study

Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol. 2021 Sep;45(5):101561. doi: 10.1016/j.clinre.2020.10.006. Epub 2020 Nov 16.

Abstract

Introduction: While endoscopic balloon dilation (EBD) is widely used to manage ileal strictures, EBD of colorectal strictures remains poorly investigated in Crohn's disease (CD).

Methods: We performed a retrospective study that included all consecutive CD patients who underwent EBD for native or anastomotic colorectal strictures in 9 tertiary centers between 1999 and 2018. Factors associated with EBD failure were also investigated by logistic regression.

Results: Fifty-seven patients (25 women, median age: 36 years (InterQuartile Range, 31-48) were included. Among the 60 strictures, 52 (87%) were native, 39 (65%) measured < 5 cm and the most frequent location was the left colon (27%). Fifty-seven (95%) were non-passable by the scope and 35 (58%) were ulcerated. Among the 161 EBDs performed (median number of dilations per stricture: 2, IQR 1-3), technical and clinical success were achieved for 79% (n = 116/147) and 77% (n = 88/115), respectively. One perforation occurred (0.6% per EDB and 2% per patient). After a median follow-up of 4.3 years (IQR 2.0-8.4), 24 patients (42%) underwent colonic resection and 24 (42%) were asymptomatic without surgery. One colon lymphoma and one colorectal cancer were diagnosed (3.5% of patients) from endoscopic biopsies and at the time of surgery, respectively. No factor was associated with technical or clinical success.

Conclusion: EDB of CD-associated colorectal strictures is feasible, efficient and safe, with more than 40% becoming asymptomatic without surgery.

Keywords: Crohn’s disease; colonic strictures; endoscopic balloon dilatation.

Publication types

  • Multicenter Study

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Colonic Diseases* / complications
  • Colonic Diseases* / therapy
  • Constriction, Pathologic
  • Crohn Disease* / complications
  • Dilatation / methods
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Rectal Diseases* / complications
  • Rectal Diseases* / therapy
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Treatment Outcome