Self-focusing and self-compression of intense pulses via ionization-induced spatiotemporal reshaping

Opt Lett. 2020 Dec 1;45(23):6434-6437. doi: 10.1364/OL.405575.

Abstract

Ionization is a fundamental process in intense laser-matter interactions and is known to cause plasma defocusing and intensity clamping. Here, we investigate theoretically the propagation dynamics of an intense laser pulse in a helium gas jet in the ionization saturation regime, and we find that the pulse undergoes self-focusing and self-compression through ionization-induced reshaping, resulting in a manyfold increase in laser intensity. This unconventional behavior is associated with the spatiotemporal frequency variation mediated by ionization and spatiotempral coupling. Our results illustrate a new regime of pulse propagation and open up an optics-less approach for raising laser intensity.