Effects of selenium supplementation on pregnancy outcomes and disease progression in HIV-infected pregnant women in Lagos: A randomized controlled trial

Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2021 Jun;153(3):533-541. doi: 10.1002/ijgo.13514. Epub 2021 Jan 5.

Abstract

Objective: To examine the effects of selenium supplementation on pregnancy outcomes and disease progression among HIV-infected pregnant women in Lagos.

Methods: A randomized, placebo-controlled trial conducted among HIV-positive pregnant women between September 2018 and August 2019. At enrollment, 90 women were randomly assigned into each treatment arm to receive either a daily tablet of 200 μg elemental selenium or a placebo. Relevant participants' sociodemographic and clinical data were collected at enrollment and delivery.

Results: Women in the selenium arm had a significantly lower risk of preterm delivery (relative risk [RR] 0.32, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.11-0.96) and a non-significant reduction in the risk of delivering term neonates with a low delivery weight (RR 0.24, 95% CI 0.05-1.19). Supplemental selenium does not increase the risk of perinatal death and adverse drug events.

Conclusion: The study reported a beneficial effect of prenatal selenium supplements on the risk of preterm delivery with no further reduction in risk among HIV-infected women who used the supplements for more than 14 weeks.

Trial registration: Pan African Clinical Trial Registry (PACTR201809756724274).

Keywords: CD4+ cell count; Lagos; Lagos University Teaching Hospital; low birth weight; preterm delivery; selenium; viral load.

Publication types

  • Randomized Controlled Trial

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Antioxidants / therapeutic use*
  • Birth Weight
  • Disease Progression
  • Double-Blind Method
  • Female
  • HIV Infections / drug therapy*
  • Humans
  • Infant, Newborn
  • Middle Aged
  • Nigeria / epidemiology
  • Pregnancy
  • Pregnancy Complications, Infectious / drug therapy*
  • Pregnancy Outcome*
  • Premature Birth / epidemiology
  • Prospective Studies
  • Selenium / therapeutic use*
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Antioxidants
  • Selenium