One-year estimated glomerular filtration rate decline as a risk factor of cardiovascular and renal end-points in high-risk Japanese patients

J Diabetes Investig. 2021 Jul;12(7):1212-1219. doi: 10.1111/jdi.13474. Epub 2020 Dec 30.

Abstract

Aims/introduction: As estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) progression might correlate with cardiovascular prognosis, the correlation between 1-year decline in eGFR and cardiovascular incidences and renal outcome was investigated.

Materials and methods: The 1-year percentage decline in eGFR at the first observation year was calculated in a cohort of the standard versus intEnsive statin therapy for hypercholesteroleMic Patients with diAbetic retinopaTHY (EMPATHY) trial participants. The primary end-point was the composite cardiovascular end-point including the renal end-point. The associations between the incidence of each end-point and clinical markers were analyzed using the Cox proportional hazards regression model.

Results: A total of 4,461 patients were analyzed. The mean observation period was 765.3 ± 363.1 days. The best cut-off value of 1-year eGFR decline was 0.099 in the first year for renal end-point prediction by receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. The area under the curve of the model including the 1-year eGFR decline of the first year was significantly larger than the model without it (0.943, 95% confidence interval 0.915-0.971 to 0.967, 95% confidence interval 0.950-0.983, P = 0.019). Primary end-point incidences and the renal end-point were much higher in rapid eGFR decliners compared with non-decliners (P < 0.0001). The cardiovascular end-point incidence, except for the renal end-point, was not different between the groups. According to Cox regression analysis, 1-year eGFR decline during the first year was a significant risk factor for the end-points, including the renal end-point, independent of albuminuria and eGFR at baseline.

Conclusions: The 1-year eGFR decline rate provided useful information for cardiovascular end-point predictions, including the renal end-point, in addition to the conventional risk factors.

Keywords: Diabetic kidney disease; Estimated glomerular filtration rate; Risk factors.

Publication types

  • Multicenter Study
  • Observational Study

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Cardiovascular Diseases / diagnosis*
  • Cardiovascular Diseases / epidemiology
  • Cardiovascular Diseases / prevention & control
  • Diabetes Complications / diagnosis*
  • Diabetes Complications / epidemiology
  • Diabetes Complications / prevention & control
  • Diabetes Mellitus / physiopathology*
  • Diabetic Nephropathies / diagnosis*
  • Diabetic Nephropathies / epidemiology
  • Diabetic Nephropathies / prevention & control
  • Female
  • Glomerular Filtration Rate*
  • Humans
  • Incidence
  • Japan / epidemiology
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Predictive Value of Tests
  • Prognosis
  • Proportional Hazards Models
  • ROC Curve
  • Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
  • Risk Factors
  • Single-Blind Method

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