Liposomal Bupivacaine Decreases Postoperative Length of Stay and Opioid Use in Patients Undergoing Radical Cystectomy

Urology. 2021 Mar:149:168-173. doi: 10.1016/j.urology.2020.11.036. Epub 2020 Dec 3.

Abstract

Objective: To analyze differences in length of stay, opioid use, and other perioperative outcomes in patients undergoing radical cystectomy with urinary diversion who received either liposomal bupivacaine (LB) or epidural analgesia.

Methods: This was a single center, retrospective cohort study of patients undergoing open radical cystectomy with urinary diversion from 2015-2019 in the early recovery after surgery (ERAS) pathway. Patients received either LB or epidural catheter analgesia for post-operative pain control. LB was injected at the time of fascial closure to provide up to 72 hours of local analgesia. The primary outcome was post-operative length of stay. Secondary outcomes were post-operative opioid use, time to solid food, time to ambulation, and direct hospitalization costs. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression was used to determine associations between analgesia type and discharge.

Results: LB use was independently associated with shorter post-operative length of stay compared to epidural use (median (IQR) 4.9 days (3.9-5.8) vs 5.9 days (4.9-7.9), P<.001), less total opioid use (mean 188.3 vs 612.2 OME, P <.001), earlier diet advancement (mean 1.6 vs 2.4 days, P <.001), and decreased overall direct costs ($23,188 vs $29,628, P <.001). 45% of patients who received LB were opioid-free after surgery, none in the epidural group. On multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression modeling, LB use was independently associated with earlier discharge (HR 2.1, IQR 1.0-4.5).

Conclusion: Use of LB in open radical cystectomy is associated with reduced LOS, less opioid exposure, and earlier diet advancement.

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Analgesia, Epidural / statistics & numerical data
  • Analgesics, Opioid / adverse effects*
  • Anesthetics, Local / therapeutic use*
  • Bupivacaine / therapeutic use*
  • Cystectomy / adverse effects*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Length of Stay / statistics & numerical data
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Opioid-Related Disorders / prevention & control
  • Pain Management / methods
  • Pain Management / statistics & numerical data
  • Pain Measurement / statistics & numerical data
  • Pain, Postoperative / diagnosis
  • Pain, Postoperative / drug therapy*
  • Pain, Postoperative / etiology
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Urinary Diversion / adverse effects
  • Urinary Diversion / methods

Substances

  • Analgesics, Opioid
  • Anesthetics, Local
  • Bupivacaine