Long-Term Changes in the Treatment Pattern of Botulinum Toxin A Injections for Postfacial Paralysis Synkinesis Following Modified Selective Neurectomy

Facial Plast Surg Aesthet Med. 2021 May-Jun;23(3):234-235. doi: 10.1089/fpsam.2020.0240. Epub 2020 Dec 10.
No abstract available

MeSH terms

  • Botulinum Toxins, Type A / administration & dosage*
  • Botulinum Toxins, Type A / therapeutic use
  • Denervation*
  • Drug Administration Schedule
  • Facial Asymmetry / drug therapy*
  • Facial Asymmetry / etiology
  • Facial Asymmetry / physiopathology
  • Facial Muscles / physiopathology
  • Facial Nerve / surgery*
  • Facial Paralysis / complications*
  • Facial Paralysis / physiopathology
  • Facial Paralysis / surgery
  • Humans
  • Injections, Intramuscular
  • Neuromuscular Agents / administration & dosage*
  • Neuromuscular Agents / therapeutic use
  • Perioperative Care
  • Postoperative Period
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Smiling
  • Synkinesis / drug therapy*
  • Synkinesis / etiology
  • Synkinesis / physiopathology
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • Neuromuscular Agents
  • Botulinum Toxins, Type A