Objective: To study the risk of malnutrition and related factors of cancer patients in community of Shanghai. Methods: From October 2018 to January 2019, four communities, Pengpu New Village Street, Pengpu Town, Jiangning Road Street, and Caojiadu Street, from 14 communities in Jing 'an District, Shanghai City, were selected by using a random cluster sampling method based on the Shanghai Cancer Registration and reporting system. All cases of malignant tumors and benign tumors of the central nervous system were included. A total of 4 396 questionnaires were distributed. After the exclusion of 9 invalid questionnaires, 3 310 valid questionnaires were included with a rate of 99.73%. A self-designed questionnaire was used to collect data including basic demographic characteristics, history of malignant, physical and psychological pain, nutritional demands and cognitive status. Malnutrition Universal Screening Tools (MUST) was used to analyze the nutritional risk of cancer patients in the community. Multivariate logistic regression model was applied to analyze potential factors. Results: Among the 3 310 cancer patients who completed the survey, the average age of study participants was (64.05±13.02), and 1 467 cases (44.32%) were males. The incidence rate of nutritional risk was 12.84% (425/3 310). The result of logistic regression analysis showed that compared with male, other cancer patients and no physical pain, the risk factors of the occurrence of nutritional included: female (OR=1.53,95%CI:1.23-1.92), head and neck malignant tumors (OR=1.42,95%CI:1.07-1.90), bronchus/lung malignant tumors (OR=1.93,95%CI:1.43-2.61), liver, biliary/pancreatic malignant tumors (OR=2.11,95%CI:1.21-3.65) and upper gastrointestinal malignant tumors (OR=6.04,95%CI:4.31-8.46), patients with physical pain (OR=1.39,95%CI:1.02-1.89). Conclusion: Nutritional risk of cancer patients is higher in community of Shanghai. Gender, location of tumors and physical pain are associated with the occurrence of nutritional risk.
目的： 研究2018—2019年上海市社区肿瘤患者营养风险现状及影响因素。 方法： 通过上海市肿瘤登记报告系统，采用随机整群抽样的方法，于2018年10月—2019年1月，从上海市静安区14个社区中采用简单随机的方法抽取4个社区（彭浦新村街道、彭浦镇、江宁路街道和曹家渡街道）为研究现场，纳入符合标准的所有恶性肿瘤和中枢神经系统良性肿瘤病例为研究对象。采用上海市加强公共卫生体系建设三年行动计划（2015—2017年）社区居民肿瘤等慢性状况生存健康管理项目问卷收集研究对象的社会人口学特征、恶性肿瘤既往史、身心评估、营养需求及认知情况，并采用营养不良通用筛查工具开展营养风险筛查。共发放问卷4 396份，剔除无效问卷9份，最终获得有效问卷3 310份，问卷合格率为99.73%。采用多因素logistic回归模型分析社区肿瘤患者营养风险发生的相关因素。 结果： 3 310例对象年龄为（64.05±13.02）岁，男性1 467例（44.32%），营养风险发生率为12.84%（425/3 310）。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示，与男性、肿瘤部位为其他和无身体疼痛相比，女性（OR=1.53，95%CI：1.23~1.92），头颈部恶性肿瘤（OR=1.42，95%CI：1.07~1.90）、气管、支气管和肺恶性肿瘤（OR=1.93，95%CI：1.43~2.61）、肝、胆道和胰腺（OR=2.11，95%CI：1.21~3.65）、食管和胃（OR=6.04，95%CI：4.31~8.46），有身体疼痛（OR=1.39，95%CI：1.02~1.89）者营养风险发生率较高。 结论： 上海市社区肿瘤患者营养风险发生率较高，且营养风险发生情况与性别、肿瘤部位和疼痛等因素有关。.
Keywords: Community; Cross-sectional studies; Neoplasms; Nutritional status; Related factor.