Reconstruction of motor control circuits in adult Drosophila using automated transmission electron microscopy

Cell. 2021 Feb 4;184(3):759-774.e18. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.12.013. Epub 2021 Jan 4.

Abstract

To investigate circuit mechanisms underlying locomotor behavior, we used serial-section electron microscopy (EM) to acquire a synapse-resolution dataset containing the ventral nerve cord (VNC) of an adult female Drosophila melanogaster. To generate this dataset, we developed GridTape, a technology that combines automated serial-section collection with automated high-throughput transmission EM. Using this dataset, we studied neuronal networks that control leg and wing movements by reconstructing all 507 motor neurons that control the limbs. We show that a specific class of leg sensory neurons synapses directly onto motor neurons with the largest-caliber axons on both sides of the body, representing a unique pathway for fast limb control. We provide open access to the dataset and reconstructions registered to a standard atlas to permit matching of cells between EM and light microscopy data. We also provide GridTape instrumentation designs and software to make large-scale EM more accessible and affordable to the scientific community.

Keywords: campaniform sensilla; connectomics; limb control; motor neurons; sensory feedback; serial-section electron microscopy.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Aging / physiology*
  • Animals
  • Automation
  • Connectome
  • Drosophila melanogaster / ultrastructure*
  • Extremities / innervation
  • Microscopy, Electron, Transmission*
  • Motor Neurons / ultrastructure*
  • Peripheral Nerves / ultrastructure
  • Sensory Receptor Cells / ultrastructure*
  • Synapses / ultrastructure