Clinical seizures ceased during six months of clomiphene citrate therapy in a 36-year-old man who had hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, reproductive dysfunction, and a 16-year history of regular seizures. Seizures recurred during the month that followed the discontinuation of clomiphene therapy. This apparent antiseizure effect of clomiphene is discussed in terms of three possible mechanisms of action: (1) Clomiphene may benefit seizures by raising serum levels of antiseizure medications. (2) Clomiphene may improve seizures by normalizing serum testosterone levels. (3) Clomiphene may act at a cerebral level to lessen seizures. A controlled investigation of the effects of clomiphene on epilepsy in the setting of reproductive dysfunction is suggested.