Apalutamide, darolutamide and enzalutamide in nonmetastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer: a meta-analysis

Mathieu Roumiguié; Xavier Paoletti; Yann Neuzillet; Romain Mathieu; Sebastien Vincendeau; François Kleinclauss; Arnaud Mejean; Laurent Guy; Marc Olivier Timsit; Thierry Lebret

doi:10.2217/fon-2020-1104

Apalutamide, darolutamide and enzalutamide in nonmetastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer: a meta-analysis

Future Oncol. 2021 May;17(14):1811-1823. doi: 10.2217/fon-2020-1104. Epub 2021 Feb 5.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Department of Urology, CHU-Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse, Toulouse, France.
² Department of Public health, University of Versailles, Saint-Quentin, France.
³ Institut Curie, INSERM U900, Biostatistics for Personalized Medicine, Saint-Cloud, France.
⁴ Department of Urology, Hôpital Foch, University of Paris-Saclay, Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, Suresnes, France.
⁵ Department of Urology, Univ rennes, CHU Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset - UMR_S 1085, F 35000 Rennes, France.
⁶ Department of Urology, Centre Hospitalier Privé Saint Grégoire, Saint-Grégoire, France.
⁷ Department of Urology, Andrology & Kidney Transplantation, University of Franche-Comté, Besançon, France.
⁸ Department of Urology, Hôpital Europeen Georges-Pompidou (HEGP), AP-HP, Paris, France.
⁹ Department of Urology, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, UMR1240 INSERM, Université Clermont-Auvergne, Clermont Ferrand, France.
¹⁰ Department of Urology, Hôpital Europeen Georges-Pompidou (HEGP), AP-HP, INSERM, PARCC, Paris, France.

PMID: 33543650
DOI: 10.2217/fon-2020-1104

Abstract

Aim: Comparison of the efficacy/safety/health-related quality of life of apalutamide, enzalutamide and darolutamide in Phase III clinical trials involving patients with nonmetastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer was performed. Materials & methods: Relevant studies were identified by searching PubMed as well as conference abstracts reporting updated overall survival. Three pivotal trials were identified, SPARTAN (apalutamide), PROSPER (enzalutamide) and ARAMIS (darolutamide), and form the basis of this analysis. Results: All three drugs significantly prolonged metastasis-free survival, prostate-specific antigen response and overall survival versus placebo, and were generally well tolerated. Conclusion: Drug selection will likely be influenced by tolerability/safety and other factors, such as the propensity for drug-drug interactions and the presence of comorbidities, that affect the risk-benefit balance in individual patients.

Keywords: androgen-receptor antagonist; androgen-receptor inhibitor; apalutamide; darolutamide; enzalutamide; nonmetastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer.

Publication types

Comparative Study
Meta-Analysis

MeSH terms

Benzamides / administration & dosage*
Benzamides / adverse effects
Benzamides / pharmacokinetics
Clinical Trials, Phase III as Topic
Disease-Free Survival
Drug Interactions
Humans
Kallikreins / blood
Kaplan-Meier Estimate
Male
Nitriles / administration & dosage*
Nitriles / adverse effects
Nitriles / pharmacokinetics
Phenylthiohydantoin / administration & dosage*
Phenylthiohydantoin / adverse effects
Phenylthiohydantoin / pharmacokinetics
Prostate-Specific Antigen / blood
Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant / blood
Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant / diagnosis
Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant / drug therapy*
Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant / mortality
Pyrazoles / administration & dosage*
Pyrazoles / adverse effects
Pyrazoles / pharmacokinetics
Quality of Life
Thiohydantoins / administration & dosage*
Thiohydantoins / adverse effects
Thiohydantoins / pharmacokinetics
Time Factors

Substances

Benzamides
Nitriles
Pyrazoles
Thiohydantoins
apalutamide
darolutamide
Phenylthiohydantoin
enzalutamide
KLK3 protein, human
Kallikreins
Prostate-Specific Antigen