GW4064 enhances the chemosensitivity of colorectal cancer to oxaliplatin by inducing pyroptosis

Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2021 Apr 9:548:60-66. doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.02.043. Epub 2021 Feb 22.

Abstract

Repeated and long-term oxaliplatin therapy leads to drug resistance and severe adverse events, which limit its clinical use. These difficulties highlight the importance of identifying potent and specific drug combinations to enhance the antitumor effects of oxaliplatin. The farnesoid X receptor (FXR) deficiency in colorectal cancer (CRC) suggests that restoring FXR function might be a promising strategy for CRC treatment. A drug combination study showed that the GW4064 acted synergistically with oxaliplatin in colon cancer cells. The combination of oxaliplatin plus GW4064 inhibited cell growth and colony formation, induced apoptosis and pyroptosis in vitro, and slowed tumor growth in vivo. Mechanistically, GW4064 enhanced the chemosensitivity of cells to oxaliplatin by inducing BAX/caspase-3/GSDME-mediated pyroptosis. Furthermore, the combination of oxaliplatin and GW4064 synergistically inhibited STAT3 signaling by restoring SHP expression. Our study revealed that GW4064 could enhance the antitumor effects of oxaliplatin against CRC, which provides a novel therapeutic strategy based on a combinational approach for CRC treatment.

Keywords: Colorectal cancer; Combination therapy; GW4064; Oxaliplatin; Pyroptosis.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Cell Proliferation / drug effects
  • Colorectal Neoplasms / pathology*
  • Colorectal Neoplasms / ultrastructure
  • Drug Synergism
  • Humans
  • Inflammasomes / metabolism
  • Isoxazoles / pharmacology*
  • Mice
  • Mice, Inbred BALB C
  • Mice, Nude
  • Mitochondria / drug effects
  • Mitochondria / metabolism
  • NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein / metabolism
  • Oxaliplatin / pharmacology*
  • Pyroptosis / drug effects*
  • Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear / metabolism
  • Receptors, Estrogen / metabolism
  • STAT3 Transcription Factor / metabolism
  • Signal Transduction / drug effects
  • bcl-2-Associated X Protein / drug effects
  • bcl-2-Associated X Protein / metabolism

Substances

  • GSDME protein, human
  • Inflammasomes
  • Isoxazoles
  • NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein
  • NLRP3 protein, human
  • Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear
  • Receptors, Estrogen
  • STAT3 Transcription Factor
  • bcl-2-Associated X Protein
  • nuclear receptor subfamily 0, group B, member 2
  • Oxaliplatin
  • GW 4064