Objective: To investigate the epidemiological profiles of echinococcosis cases reported in non-endemic areas of China in the National Notifiable Disease Report System from 2004 to 2016, so as to provide insights into the development of effective surveillance and response measures.
Methods: The data pertaining to the echinococcosis cases reported in the National Notifiable Disease Report System in 22 non-endemic provinces of China from 2004 to 2016 were collected, and the epidemiological profiles of the reported echinococcosis cases were descriptively analyzed.
Results: A total of 462 echinococcosis cases were reported in the 22 non-endemic provinces of China from 2004 to 2016, and the number of reported cases increased with time (χ2 = 4.516, P = 0.034). During the 13-year period from 2004 to 2016, the highest number of echinococcosis cases was reported in central and eastern China (56.49%), followed by in northern and northeastern China (30.30%), and the highest number of echinococcosis cases was reported in Henan Province (99 cases). Among the 462 echinococcosis cases reported, there were 234 men and 228 women, and the mean age was (41.42 ± 16.03) years (range, 4 to 86 years), with the highest number of echinococcosis cases reported at ages of 20 to 50 years (63.20%). The highest proportion of occupations was farmers and herdsmen (36.15%), and the greatest source was from echinococcosis-endemic provinces (50.43%); in addition, 97.40% of the echinococcosis cases were reported by hospitals.
Conclusions: Echinococcosis cases were reported in all 22 non-endemic provinces of China in the National Notifiable Disease Report System from 2004 to 2016, and the number of reported cases appeared an overall tendency for sporadicity and local increase with time. Screening of echinococcosis is recommended among famers and herdsmen at ages of 20 to 50 years from endemic regions by medical institutions in non-endemic regions for timely identification and treatment of echinococcosis cases.
［摘要］ 目的 分析 2004—2016 年我国棘球蚴病非流行区网络报告病例流行病学特征, 为制定有效处置与监测措施提 供参考依据。方法 通过全国传染病疫情网络直报系统, 收集 2004—2016 年 22 个棘球蚴病非流行省份报告病例资料, 对棘球蚴病报告病例流行病学特征进行描述性分析。结果 2004—2016 年, 22 个非流行省份累计报告棘球蚴病病例 462 例, 报告病例数随时间推移而增加 (χ2 = 4.516, P = 0.034) 。13 年间, 华中和华东地区累计报告的棘球蚴病病例数最 多 (占 56.49%), 其次为华北和东北地区 (占 30.30%); 22 个非流行省份中, 河南省累计报告的棘球蚴病病例数最多 (99 例) 。报告的 462 例棘球蚴病病例中, 男性 234 例、女性 228 例; 年龄最小 4 岁 (2007 年和 2010 年报告) 、最大 86 岁 (2014 年 报告), 平均 (41.42 ± 16.03) 岁, 以 20 ～ 50 岁报告病例数最多 (占 63.20%) ; 职业以农牧民占比最高 (占 36.15%), 来源地以 来自棘球蚴病流行省份最多 (50.43%), 97.40% 由医院上报。结论 2004—2016 年我国 22 个棘球蚴病非流行省份均有棘 球蚴病病例报告, 且随时间延长呈零星散发、局部增加趋势。建议非流行区医疗机构加大对来自棘球蚴病流行区 20 ～ 50 岁农牧民的筛查, 从而及时发现与救治病人。.
Keywords: Echinococcosis; Epidemiological feature; Non-endemic area; Reported case.