Clinical characteristics of immunoglobulin IgG4-related sclerosing cholangitis: Comparison of cases with and without autoimmune pancreatitis in a large cohort

Dig Liver Dis. 2021 Oct;53(10):1308-1314. doi: 10.1016/j.dld.2021.02.009. Epub 2021 Mar 2.

Abstract

Background: The clinical characteristics of IgG4-related sclerosing cholangitis (IgG4-SC) especially without autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) have not been investigated in a large cohort.

Aims: To clarify the clinical characteristics of IgG4-SC and IgG4-SC without AIP.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed imaging, serology, other organ involvement (OOI) and histology of 872 patients with IgG4-SC who participated in a Japanese nationwide survey in 2019, and compared these items between IgG4-SC with and without AIP.

Results: AIP was present in 83.7% (730/872) of IgG4-SC. In IgG4-SC, bile duct wall thickening was observed on ultrasound (528/650; 81.2%), computed tomography (375/525; 71.4%) and magnetic resonance imaging or cholangiopancreatography (290/440; 65.9%). An elevated serum IgG4 level (≥ 135 mg/dL) was found in 88.0% (322/366). IgG4-related OOI other than AIP was observed in 25.2% (211/836). The proportion of females was significantly higher in IgG4-SC without AIP (28.9% vs. 20.1%; p = 0.025). Hilar stricture was the most common cholangiographic type in IgG4-SC without AIP (39/107; 36.4%).There were no significant differences between IgG4-SC with and without AIP in the rates of bile duct wall thickening, elevated serum IgG4 level, or IgG4-related OOI.

Conclusions: The clinical characteristics of IgG4-SC was similar between IgG4-SC with and without AIP in a large cohort.

Keywords: Autoimmune pancreatitis; Cholangiocarcinoma; IgG4-related disease; IgG4-related sclerosing cholangitis; Isolated IgG4-related sclerosing cholangitis; Primary sclerosing cholangitis.

Publication types

  • Multicenter Study

MeSH terms

  • Autoimmune Pancreatitis / epidemiology*
  • Bile Ducts / diagnostic imaging
  • Bile Ducts / pathology*
  • Cholangiography
  • Cholangitis, Sclerosing / diagnosis
  • Cholangitis, Sclerosing / epidemiology*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Immunoglobulin G / blood
  • Immunoglobulin G4-Related Disease / diagnosis
  • Immunoglobulin G4-Related Disease / epidemiology*
  • Japan / epidemiology
  • Male
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Surveys and Questionnaires

Substances

  • Immunoglobulin G