A PCR-Based Approach for Driver Mutation Analysis of EGFR, KRAS, and BRAF Genes in Lung Cancer Tissue Sections

Methods Mol Biol. 2021:2279:109-126. doi: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1278-1_9.

Abstract

Driver mutations in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) have a relevant significance for clinical management. EGFR mutations are the most important predictive biomarkers for NSCLC, although KRAS and BRAF mutations can also be prognostic and predictive biomarkers, respectively. PCR-based approaches followed by sequencing are useful for EGFR, KRAS, and BRAF mutational analysis. Herein, all steps for a PCR-based technique, from DNA isolation from tumor tissue sections to DNA sequencing for genetic analysis of EGFR, KRAS, and BRAF hotspot regions are described.

Keywords: BRAF; EGFR; KRAS; Mutational Analysis; NSCLC; PCR-based approach.

MeSH terms

  • Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / genetics*
  • Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / pathology
  • DNA Mutational Analysis
  • ErbB Receptors / genetics
  • Humans
  • Lung Neoplasms / genetics*
  • Lung Neoplasms / pathology
  • Polymerase Chain Reaction*
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf / genetics*
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras) / genetics*

Substances

  • KRAS protein, human
  • EGFR protein, human
  • ErbB Receptors
  • BRAF protein, human
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras)