Structural Basis for Pore Blockade of the Human Cardiac Sodium Channel Nav 1.5 by the Antiarrhythmic Drug Quinidine*

Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2021 May 10;60(20):11474-11480. doi: 10.1002/anie.202102196. Epub 2021 Apr 6.

Abstract

Nav 1.5, the primary voltage-gated Na+ (Nav ) channel in heart, is a major target for class I antiarrhythmic agents. Here we present the cryo-EM structure of full-length human Nav 1.5 bound to quinidine, a class Ia antiarrhythmic drug, at 3.3 Å resolution. Quinidine is positioned right beneath the selectivity filter in the pore domain and coordinated by residues from repeats I, III, and IV. Pore blockade by quinidine is achieved through both direct obstruction of the ion permeation path and induced rotation of an invariant Tyr residue that tightens the intracellular gate. Structural comparison with a truncated rat Nav 1.5 in the presence of flecainide, a class Ic agent, reveals distinct binding poses for the two antiarrhythmics within the pore domain. Our work reported here, along with previous studies, reveals the molecular basis for the mechanism of action of class I antiarrhythmic drugs.

Keywords: antiarrhythmic drugs; cryo-EM structure; quinidine; voltage-gated Na+ (Nav) channels.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Anti-Arrhythmia Agents / chemistry
  • Anti-Arrhythmia Agents / pharmacology*
  • Cryoelectron Microscopy
  • Humans
  • Models, Molecular
  • NAV1.5 Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel / chemistry
  • NAV1.5 Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel / metabolism*
  • Quinidine / chemistry
  • Quinidine / pharmacology*

Substances

  • Anti-Arrhythmia Agents
  • NAV1.5 Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel
  • Quinidine