Thermal adaptation of acetic acid bacteria for practical high-temperature vinegar fermentation

Biosci Biotechnol Biochem. 2021 Apr 24;85(5):1243-1251. doi: 10.1093/bbb/zbab009.

Abstract

Thermotolerant microorganisms are useful for high-temperature fermentation. Several thermally adapted strains were previously obtained from Acetobacter pasteurianus in a nutrient-rich culture medium, while these adapted strains could not grow well at high temperature in the nutrient-poor practical culture medium, "rice moromi." In this study, A. pasteurianus K-1034 originally capable of performing acetic acid fermentation in rice moromi was thermally adapted by experimental evolution using a "pseudo" rice moromi culture. The adapted strains thus obtained were confirmed to grow well in such the nutrient-poor media in flask or jar-fermentor culture up to 40 or 39 °C; the mutation sites of the strains were also determined. The high-temperature fermentation ability was also shown to be comparable with a low-nutrient adapted strain previously obtained. Using the practical fermentation system, "Acetofermenter," acetic acid production was compared in the moromi culture; the results showed that the adapted strains efficiently perform practical vinegar production under high-temperature conditions.

Keywords: Acetobacter pasteurianus; high-temperature fermentation; nutrient-poor; practical vinegar fermentation; thermal adaptation.

MeSH terms

  • Acetic Acid / metabolism*
  • Acetobacter / genetics*
  • Acetobacter / metabolism
  • Adaptation, Physiological / genetics*
  • Bioreactors
  • Ethanol / metabolism*
  • Fermentation / genetics*
  • Genome, Bacterial
  • Hot Temperature
  • Mutation
  • Oryza / chemistry
  • Oxygen / metabolism
  • Plant Extracts / chemistry
  • Plant Extracts / metabolism
  • Thermotolerance / genetics*

Substances

  • Plant Extracts
  • Ethanol
  • Acetic Acid
  • Oxygen

Supplementary concepts

  • Acetobacter pasteurianus