The BCMA-Targeted Fourth-Generation CAR-T Cells Secreting IL-7 and CCL19 for Therapy of Refractory/Recurrent Multiple Myeloma

Front Immunol. 2021 Mar 5:12:609421. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.609421. eCollection 2021.

Abstract

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) technology has revolutionized cancer treatment, particularly in malignant hematological tumors. Currently, the BCMA-targeted second-generation CAR-T cells have showed impressive efficacy in the treatment of refractory/relapsed multiple myeloma (R/R MM), but up to 50% relapse remains to be addressed urgently. Here we constructed the BCMA-targeted fourth-generation CAR-T cells expressing IL-7 and CCL19 (i.e., BCMA-7 × 19 CAR-T cells), and demonstrated that BCMA-7 × 19 CAR-T cells exhibited superior expansion, differentiation, migration and cytotoxicity. Furthermore, we have been carrying out the first-in-human clinical trial for therapy of R/R MM by use of BCMA-7 × 19 CAR-T cells (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03778346), which preliminarily showed promising safety and efficacy in first two enrolled patients. The two patients achieved a CR and VGPR with Grade 1 cytokine release syndrome only 1 month after one dose of CAR-T cell infusion, and the responses lasted more than 12-month. Taken together, BCMA-7 × 19 CAR-T cells were safe and effective against refractory/relapsed multiple myeloma and thus warranted further clinical study.

Keywords: BCMA; CAR-T; CCL19; IL-7; multiple myeloma.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Animals
  • B-Cell Maturation Antigen / antagonists & inhibitors
  • B-Cell Maturation Antigen / immunology*
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Chemokine CCL19 / biosynthesis*
  • Disease Models, Animal
  • Drug Resistance, Neoplasm
  • Female
  • Gene Order
  • Genetic Vectors / genetics
  • Humans
  • Immunologic Memory
  • Immunophenotyping
  • Immunotherapy, Adoptive* / adverse effects
  • Immunotherapy, Adoptive* / methods
  • Interleukin-7 / biosynthesis*
  • Male
  • Mice
  • Middle Aged
  • Multiple Myeloma / diagnosis
  • Multiple Myeloma / genetics
  • Multiple Myeloma / immunology*
  • Multiple Myeloma / therapy*
  • Recurrence
  • Retreatment
  • T-Lymphocytes / immunology*
  • T-Lymphocytes / metabolism*
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays

Substances

  • B-Cell Maturation Antigen
  • CCL19 protein, human
  • Chemokine CCL19
  • Interleukin-7

Associated data

  • ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT03778346