The Centrality of Obesity in the Course of Severe COVID-19

Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2021 Mar 11:12:620566. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2021.620566. eCollection 2021.

Abstract

The ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has become a global public health challenge. Most patients do not experience severe complications, but approximately 25% of patients progress to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), and the mortality rate is approximately 5-7%. Clinical findings have determined several risk factors for severe complications and mortality in COVID-19 patients, such as advanced age, smoking, obesity, and chronic diseases. Obesity is a common and serious health problem worldwide that initiates a cascade of disorders, including hypertension, cardiovascular disease (CVD), diabetes mellitus, and chronic kidney disease (CKD). The presence of these disorders is linked to a more severe course of COVID-19. Given the "epidemic" of obesity worldwide and the importance of obesity in the progression of COVID-19, we investigated the mechanisms through which obesity increases the susceptibility to and severity of COVID-19 to support the selection of more appropriate therapies for individuals with obesity.

Keywords: COVID-19; obesity; obesity-associated comorbidities; pathophysiology; therapeutic strategies.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • COVID-19 / complications
  • COVID-19 / epidemiology*
  • COVID-19 / pathology*
  • COVID-19 / therapy
  • Cardiovascular Diseases / epidemiology
  • Cardiovascular Diseases / pathology
  • Comorbidity
  • Diabetes Mellitus / epidemiology
  • Diabetes Mellitus / pathology
  • Disease Progression
  • Humans
  • Obesity / complications
  • Obesity / epidemiology*
  • Obesity / pathology
  • Obesity / therapy
  • Pandemics
  • Risk Factors
  • SARS-CoV-2 / pathogenicity
  • Severity of Illness Index