Objective: To test the reproducibility of the visual analogue scale (VAS) used in the evaluation of the esthetic effect of anterior dental implants, and to explore the factors that affect the correlation between VAS and pink esthetic score/white esthetic score (PES/WES). Methods: From January 2018 to August 2019, a total of 108 doctors and patients were recruited in the Department of Prosthodontics, Implantology and Fourth Clinical Division of Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology. Among them, there were 35 dental implant specialists who were familiar with PES/WES [implant specialist group, 25 males, 10 females, (37.3±4.5) years old], 34 dentists who were not familiar with PES/WES [dentist group, specialized in Prosthodontics, Periodontology, Orthodontics, and Oral Maxillofacial Surgery, 24 males, 10 females, (36.1±4.2) years old], 39 patients [patient group, 28 males, 11 females, (45.4±8.3) years old]. Twenty oral pictures of patients [12 males, 8 females, (43.7±6.4) years old] treated in the Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology from December 2016 to December 2017 were taken for single implant restoration for esthetic evaluation with VAS. Score 0 for evaluation of not beautiful and score 10 for very beautiful. Re-evaluation of the same 20 pictures with VAS after 1 month, and perform repeatability evaluation of VAS using chi-square test were conducted. At the same time, 13 implant specialists were randomly selected, to score the same photos with PES/WES. The PES scoring elements were the fullness of the mesial gingival papilla, the fullness of the distal gingival papilla, the curvature of the gingival margin, the protrusion of the root surface, the color and the texture of the soft tissue. The scoring elements of WES were crown shape, crown contour, crown color, surface texture, transparency and individual characteristics in order. Pearson correlation analysis was used to evaluate the correlation between the score of VAS and PES/WES. And the influence of the group on the correlation between PES/WES and VAS was analyzed. Results: The PES score was 7.5±1.8, and the WES score was 7.6±1.9 and the total score was 15.1±3.4. The VAS score of the implant specialist group was 6.8±1.8. The repeatability test of the two VAS results in the patient group was not statistically significant (Kappa=0.012, P>0.05); the two VAS results of the implant specialist group and the dentist group both had good repeatability (Kappa=0.727 and 0.556, P<0.01). The VAS score was weakly correlated with the total PES/WES score (r=0.27, P<0.01). The VAS score was correlated with the score elements in PES/WES (P<0.01), and the color (r=0.20) and shape (r=0.22) of the crown were the larger correlation coefficients. The correlation coefficients between the VAS score and the PES/WES scoring system decreased among the implant specialist group (r=0.49, moderate correlation), the dentist group (r=0.25, weak correlation) and the patient group (r=0.12, P>0.05). Conclusions: The consistency of VAS and PES/WES is affected by the cognition of the scorer. The combination of the two scoring systems is feasible and necessary for physicians to evaluate the overall esthetic effect of implant restoration.
目的： 检验视觉模拟评分法（visual analogue scale，VAS）用于前牙种植美学效果评价的可重复性，探讨影响VAS与粉白美学指数（pink esthetic score/white esthetic score，PES/WES）评分相关性的因素。 方法： 2018年1月至2019年8月于北京大学口腔医学院·口腔医院修复科、种植科和第四门诊部招募医师和就诊于北京大学口腔医学院·口腔医院修复科的牙列缺损患者作为受试者（共108名），其中熟悉PES/WES评分的口腔种植专科医师35名［种植医师组，男性25名，女性10名，（37.3±4.5）岁］，不熟悉PES/WES评分的口腔修复、牙周、正畸或口腔颌面外科专业医师34名［口腔医师组，男性24名，女性10名，（36.1±4.2）岁］，患者39例［患者组，男性28例，女性11例，（45.4±8.3）岁］。以20例2016年12月至2017年12月于北京大学口腔医学院·口腔医院修复科就诊并完成上颌单颗前牙种植修复的患者［男性12例，女性8例，（43.7±6.4）岁］修复后上前牙口内正面照片各1张（共20张照片）为评价内容，嘱受试者用VAS进行美观性评价，0为不美观，10为非常美观。1个月后再次评价，使用卡方检验对两次VAS结果进行可重复性评价。同时，通过随机数字表法随机抽取13名种植医师组医师对相同照片进行PES/WES评分；PES评分要素为近中龈乳头丰满度、远中龈乳头丰满度、龈缘弧度、根面凸度以及牙龈颜色质地；WES评分要素为牙冠形态、轮廓、颜色、表面纹理、透明度和个性化特征。使用Pearson相关分析评估VAS分值与PES/WES分值及其评分要素分值的相关性，同时分析各组VAS分值与PES/WES的相关性。 结果： PES分值为（7.5±1.8）分，WES分值为（7.6±1.9）分，总分为（15.1±3.4）分。种植医师组VAS总分为（6.8±1.8）分。患者组两次VAS结果的可重复性不佳（Kappa=0.012，P>0.05）；种植医师组和口腔医师组两次VAS结果的可重复性均较好（Kappa=0.727和0.556，P<0.01）。VAS总分与PES/WES总分为弱相关（r=0.27，P<0.01）。VAS总分与PES/WES各评分要素均为弱相关（P<0.01），相关性较大的是牙冠颜色（r=0.20）和牙冠形态（r=0.22）。种植医师组、口腔医师组和患者组VAS总分与PES/WES总分的相关系数依次减小［r分别为0.49（中等相关）、0.25（弱相关）、0.12（未通过显著性检验）］。 结论： VAS评分与PES/WES评分的相关性强弱受评分者对美学评价指标认知程度的影响。两种评分系统结合用于医师评估种植修复整体美学效果具有可行性和必要性。.